Abstrakt
The study presents a methodology which can be employed by a wide array of stakeholders in the urban real estate market: policymakers, developers, investors as well as individuals. The methodology is widely applicable globally, and various economic variables can be appropriately linked to its results in order to make the economic implications of the length of permitting processes more transparent and promote affordable housing development and sustainable urban development. Across a unique primary dataset of 189 development projects in Prague, we find significant differences in the time required to obtain permits and to undertake construction work for buildings of different functional types. We attribute these differences primarily to public resistance to certain types of development. Our research also quantifies the percentage increase in construction prices that results from delays in the pre-construction process. We find that residential and mixed-use developments face significantly longer permitting processes than industrial development. This is a surprising finding, as these functions generally don’t give rise to as many externalities, necessitating stricter regulation. In addition, we also find that central locations face longer delays and greater price increases.
Bibliografia
Bernat, L., Michlová, R., & Mitwallyová, H. (2023). Pattern classification on specifics of public sector investments and budgeting principles. International Journal of Economic Sciences, XII(1), 15-37. https://doi.org/10.52950/ES.2023.12.1.002
Bertaud, A. (2018). Order Without Design: How Markets Shape Cities. Cambridge: The MIT Press.
Borgersen, T. A. (2022). A Housing Market with Cournot Competition and a Third Housing Sector. International Journal of Economic Sciences, 11(2), 13-27. https://doi.org/10.52950/ES.2022.11.2.002
Čermáková, K., Hromada, E., Bednar, O., & Pavelka, T. (2023). Real Estate Market at a Crossroad - Era of Affordable Housing Is Gone. International Journal of Economic Sciences, XII(1), 38-61. https://doi.org/10.52950/Es.2023.12.1.003
Cheshire, P. C., & Hilber, C. A. L. (2008). Office Space Supply Restrictions in Britain: The Political Economy of Market Revenge. The Economic Journal, 118(529), 185-221. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2008.02149.x
Cheshire, P., & Vermeulen, W. (2009). Land markets and their regulation: the economic impacts of planning. In H.S. Geyer (Ed.), International Handbook of Urban Policy, Volume 2 (pp. 120-151). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781849802024.00014
CPI Group. (2019). Dluhopisy společnosti CPI Group českého miliardáře Vítka. https://dluhopisy.cz/cpi
Czech Environmental Information Agency. (n.d.). EIA Information System -Projects situated in the Czech territory. https://portal.cenia.cz/eiasea/view/eia100_cr
Czech National Bank. (2019). Monthly and annual averages of PRIBOR rates. https://www.cnb.cz
Dzureková, K., Mikuš, D., Machyniak, J., & Srovnalíková, P. (2023). Smart City Strategies in Slovak Cities. European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 15(2), 17-33. https://doi.org/10.24818/ejis.2023.14
Evenson, B. L. (2002). Understanding House Price Volatility: Measuring and Explaining the Supply Side of Metropolitan Area Housing Market. SSRN Electronic Journal, 1-52. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.352400
FINEP. (2019). FINEP- For investors. https://www.finep.cz/cs/pro-investory
Gete, P. (2014). Dealing with construction permits, interest rate shocks and macroeconomic dynamics. Proceedings from Doing Business (DB) Conference, 5, 1-2. https://www.worldbank.org/content/dam/doingBusiness/media/Miscellaneous/Conference2014/2014-GETE-permits-interest-rate---macro-dynamics.pdf
Glaeser, E. L., Gyourko, J., & Saiz, A. (2008). Housing supply and housing bubbles. Journal of Urban Economics, 64(2), 198-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2008.07.007
Glaeser, E. L., Gyourko, J., & Saks, R. (2005). Why is Manhattan So Expensive? Regulation and the Rise in House Prices. The Journal of Law and Economics, 48(2), 331-369. https://doi.org/10.3386/w10124
Glynn, C., & Casey, A. (2018). Homelessness Rises Faster Where Rent Exceeds a Third of Income. https://www.zillow.com/research/homelessness-rent-affordability-22247/
Google. (2019). Google Maps. https://www.google.com/maps
Grzebyk, M., & Stec, M. (2023). The level of renewable energy used in EU member states - A multidimensional comparative analysis. Economics and Environment, 86(3), 244-264. https://doi.org/10.34659/eis.2023.86.3.558
Hromada, E. (2021). Development of the real estate market in the Czech Republic in connection with the Covid-19 pandemic. Proceedings of the 15th Economics and Finance Conference, Prague, 169-176. https://doi.org/10.20472/EFC.2021.015.014
Hromada, E., & Krulický, T. (2021). Investing in Real Estate in the Czech Republic and Analyzing the Dependence of Profitability and Technical and Socio-Economic Factors. Sustainability, 13(18), 10273. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131810273
Hromada, E., Čermáková, K., & Piecha, M. (2022). Determinants of House Prices and Housing Affordability Dynamics in the Czech Republic. European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 14(2), 119-132. https://doi.org/10.24818/ejis.2022.24
Jasova, E., & Kaderabkova, B. (2022). The effectiveness of government measures in the first wave of Covid-19 pandemic. International Journal of Economic Sciences, XI(1), 19-36. https://doi.org/10.52950/ES.2022.11.1.002
Kadeřábková, B., & Řežábek, P. (2023). Does increased construction activity transmit into housing prices and rents? Evidence from the V4 countries and Austria. Frontiers in Sustainable Cities, 5, 1267964. https://doi.org/10.3389/frsc.2023.1267964
Krulický, T., & Schmallowsky, T. (2022). Tax systems and their differences in use in selected countries, digitalization of a tax system. International Journal of Economic Sciences, XI(1), 47-67. https://doi.org/10.52950/ES.2022.11.1.004
Kurekova, L. (2022). Regional migration and the dimension of distance in empirical analysis. International Journal of Economic Sciences, 11(2), 80-91. https://doi.org/10.52950/ES.2022.11.2.006
LABC Warranty. (2019). Are Britain’s Houses Getting Smaller? (New Data). https://www.labcwarranty.co.uk/blog/are-britain-s-houses-getting-smaller-new-data/
Liow, K. H., & Ibrahim, M. F. (2010). Volatility Decomposition and Correlation in International Securitized Real Estate Markets. The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 40(2), 221-243. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11146-008-9131-5
Lukavec, M., & Kaderabkova, B. (2017). How much does a minute of commuting time cost? An examination of property prices in relation to distance to the city center in Prague, Czech Republic. Stavební Obzor - Civil Engineering Journal, 26(4), 555-567. https://doi.org/10.14311/CEJ.2017.04.0044
Macek, D. (2023). A Tool for Evaluating Public Procurement in the Context of Life Cycle Costs. International Journal of Economic Sciences, XII(1), 116-126. https://doi.org/10.52950/ES.2023.12.1.006
Numbeo. (2024). Data from: Index: Price to income ratio. https://www.numbeo.com/property-investment/gmaps_rankings.jsp
Popescu, A. I. (2020). Long-Term City Innovation Trajectories and Quality of Urban Life. Sustainability, 12(24), 10587. https://doi.org/10.3390/su122410587
Shiller, R. J. (2016). Irrational Exuberance: Revised and Expanded, Third edition. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Strochak, S., & Pardo, S. (2017). In 17 cities, the “rent gap” makes it cheaper, on average, to own than rent. https://www.urban.org/urban-wire/17-cities-rent-gap-makes-it-cheaper-average-own-rent
Trigema. (2019). Trigema's bond programme. https://www.trigema.cz/trigema-real-estate-finance/
Venhoda, O. (2022). Application of DSTI and DTI macroprudential policy limits to the mortgage market in the Czech Republic for the year 2022. International Journal of Economic Sciences, 11(1), 105-116. https://doi.org/10.52950/ES.2022.11.1.007
Zubíková, A., Veselá, K., & Smolák, P. (2023). Evaluation of the Antivirus a Programme in the Czech Republic During the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Economic Sciences, XII(1), 161-188. https://doi.org/10.52950/ES.2023.12.1.009
Utwór dostępny jest na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa – Na tych samych warunkach 4.0 Miedzynarodowe.
Prawa autorskie (c) 2024 Czasopismo "Economics and Environment"