“Productive Cities” in Poland – A comparative analysis based on an aggregate measure of development
PDF

Keywords

productive city
sustainable development
monitoring of the productive city development
local urban development
composite measure

How to Cite

Antczak, E., Rzeńca, A., & Sobol, A. (2023). “Productive Cities” in Poland – A comparative analysis based on an aggregate measure of development. Economics and Environment, 86(3), 312–333. https://doi.org/10.34659/eis.2023.86.3.643

Abstract

The subject of the article is the “productive city”, which, along with the “green city” and the “just city,” is one of the main axes of the integrated development of modern cities. The main goal is to assess the degree of productivity in the development of Polish cities. The research covered 66 cities with poviat rights in 2010, 2015, 2018, and 2020. Based on previous research and available data, an aggregated measure of the productive city was proposed based on the linear ordering method. For this purpose, the average value of diagnostic variables (stimulants and destimulants) was determined using a dynamic version of the zero unitisation method. The analysis showed moderate productivity and progress in Polish cities, with an increase of approx. 2.1% over the decade 2010-2020. However, there is a decreasing differentiation in terms of the composite measure. One of the major limitations of the research was spatiotemporal data availability and continuity. 

https://doi.org/10.34659/eis.2023.86.3.643
PDF

References

Agricultural Drought Monitoring System, ADMS. (2023, November 15). The threat of drought - NUTS-5 (LAU2) level. https://susza.iung.pulawy.pl/en/wykazy/2021,3263011/

Al-Obadi, M., Ayad, H., Pokharel, S., & Ayari, M. A. (2022). Perspectives on food waste management: Prevention and social innovations. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 31, 190-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2022.02.012

Arcadis. (2021, July 01). Ranking Polskich Miast Zrównoważonych. https://www.arcadis.com/pl-pl/aktualnosci/europe/poland/2021/7/ranking-polskich-miast (in Polish).

Bohn, K., & Viljoen, A. (2017). Food and urban design: Urban agriculture as Second Nature? In K. Lebesco & P. Naccarato (Eds.), The Bloomsbury Handbook of Food and Popular Culture (pp. 169-183). Bloomsbury.

Brilhante, O., & Klaas, J. (2018). Green City Concept and a Method to Measure Green City Performance over Time Applied to Fifty Cities Globally: Influence of GDP, Population Size and Energy Efficiency. Sustainability, 10(6), 2031. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10062031

Burchard-Dziubińska, M., Drzazga, D., & Rzeńca, A. (2014). Zrównoważony rozwój-naturalny wybór. Łódź: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego. (in Polish).

Central Statistical Office, CSO. (2023, November 15). Local Data Bank Center. https://bdl.stat.gov.pl/bdl/start.

Czyż, T. (2017). Methodological problems in the design of indicators in social sciences with the focus on socio-economic geography. Studia Regionalia, 50, 49-61.

Daly, H. E., & Cobb, J. (1989). For the Common Good. Redirecting the Economy Toward Community, the Environment, and a Sustainable Future. Boston: Beacon Press.

European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Coll Aliaga, E., Irving, A., & Pacheco Oliveira, M. (2021). Building urban datasets for the SDGs: Six European cities monitoring the 2030 Agenda. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2760/510439

European Commission. (1996, March 1). European Sustainable Cities Report. https://edz.bib.uni-mannheim.de/www-edz/pdf/sonstige/sustcities.pdf

European Commission. (2018, May 5). Science for Environment Policy. Indicators for sustainable cities. https://sbe.org.gr/newsletters/eflashnews/2018_05/Sustainable-cities.pdf

European Commission. (2020, March 11). Communication from The Commission to The European Parliament, The Council, The European Economic And Social Committee And The Committee Of The Regions, A new Circular Economy Action Plan For a cleaner and more competitive Europe, Pub. L. No. 52020DC0098. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=COM%3A2020%3A98%3AFIN

European Commission. (2022, November 11). Transition Pathway for proximity and social economy ecosystem. https://coopseurope.coop/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Transition-Pathway-Proximity-and-Social-Economy.pdf

European Investment Bank. (2018, December 20). The 15 circular steps for cities. https://www.eib.org/attachments/thematic/circular_economy_15_steps_for_cities_en.pdf

European Union. (2016, May 30). Urban Agenda for the EU, Pact of Amsterdam. https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/policy/themes/urban-development/agenda/pact-of-amsterdam.pdf

European Union. (2019, May 03). Indicators for circular economy (CE) transition in cities - Issues and mapping paper. https://ec.europa.eu/futurium/en/system/files/ged/urban_agenda_partnership_on_circular_economy_-_indicators_for_ce_transition_-_issupaper_0.pdf

European Union. (2020, November 30). The New Leipzig Charter. The transformative power of cities for the common good. https://futurium.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2021-03/new_leipzig_charter_en.pdf

Fainstein, S. S. (2010). The Just City. Cornell University Press.

Fura, B., Stec, M., & Miś, T. (2020). Statistical Evaluation of the Level of Development of Circular Economy in European Union Member Countries. Energies, 13(23), 6401. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13236401

Gaffron, P., Huismans, G., & Skala, F. (2005). Ecocity. Book I. A better place to live. http://real.mtak.hu/13865/1/Ecocity%20I.pdf

General Directorate for Environmental Protection, GDEP. (2023, November 15). Benefits of registration in EMAS. https://www.gov.pl/web/gdos/benefits-of-registration-in-emas

Gierusz-Matkowska, A., Wojewnik-Filipkowska, A., & Krauze-Maślankowska, P. (2023). Ranking Cities According to Their Fundamental Power: A Comparison Among Results of Different Methods of Linear Ordering. Social Indicators Research, 170, 731-763. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-023-03216-4

Glaeser, E. (2011). Cities, Productivity, and Quality of Life. Science, 333, 592-594. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1209264

GRI. (2023, June 19). The global leader for impact reporting. https://www.globalreporting.org

Grimm, N. B., Faeth, S. H., Golubniewski, N. E, Redman, Ch. L., Wu, J., Bai, X., & Briggs, J. M. (2008). Global Change and the Ecology of Cities. Science, 319(5864), 756-760. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1150195

Gwosdz, K., Micek, G., Sobala-Gwosdz, A., & Świgost, A. (2019). Przegląd problematyki wskaźników dotyczących kondycji ekonomicznej miast w Polsce. Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego, 33(2), 59-80. https://doi.org/10.24917/20801653.332.5 (in Polish).

Hammer, S., Kamal-Chaoui, L., Robert, A., & Plouin, M. (2011). Cities and Green Growth: A Conceptual Framework. https://www.oecd.org/cfe/regionaldevelopment/49330120.pdf

Hasan, N. A. (2020). The spatial organization strategies of productive cities. IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering, 881(1), 012021. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343586729

ICLEI. (2021, October 1). Circular city actions framework. Bringing the circular economy to every city. https://circulars.iclei.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Circular-City-Action-Framework_V2.pdf

Kahn, M. (2006). Green cities: Urban growth and the environment. Washington, D.C: Brookings Institution Press.

Karmowska, G. (2019). Economic development of European Union countries and implementation of the climate and energy package. Economics and Environment, 69(2), 18.

Kukuła, K., & Bogocz, D. (2014). Zero Unitarization Method and Its Application in Ranking Research in Agriculture. Economic and Regional Studies, 7(3), 5-13.

Kusideł, E., & Antczak, E. (2014). Wzorzec Rozwoju Mazowsza – etap II. Trendy Rozwojowe Mazowsza, 13, 1-72. (in Polish).

Lavuri, R., Jusuf, E., & Gunardi, A. (2021). Green Sustainability: Factors Fostering and Behavioural Difference between Millennial and Gen Z: Mediating Role of Green Purchase Intention. Ekonomia i Środowisko, 76(1), 8-38. https://www.ekonomiaisrodowisko.pl/journal/article/view/357

Lucertini, G., & Musco, F. (2020). Circular Urban Metabolism Framework. One Earth, 2(2), 138-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2020.02.004

Martin, R., & Simmie, J. (2008, October 3). The theoretical bases of urban competitiveness: does proximity matter? Revue d’Économie Régionale & Urbaine, 3, 333-351. https://www.cairn.info/revue-d-economie-regionale-et-urbaine-2008-3-page-333.htm

Ministerstwo Funduszy i Polityki Regionalnej Departament Strategii. (2021). Nowa Karta Lipska i Agenda Terytorialna UE 2030 przyjęte przez ministrów krajów wspólnoty europejskiej. https://www.gov.pl/web/fundusze-regiony/nowa-karta-lipska-i-agenda-terytorialna-ue-2030-przyjete-przez-ministrow-krajow-wspolnoty-europejskiej (in Polish).

Ministerstwo Funduszy i Polityki Regionalnej. (2022, June 14). Krajowa polityka miejska. https://www.gov.pl/attachment/01114756-5e93-4607-a616-44d59a24e9d5 (in Polish).

Ministry of Health Republic of Poland, MHRP. (2023, November 15). Maps of Health Needs. https://basiw.mz.gov.pl/en/maps-of-health-needs/

Ministry of Finance Republic of Poland, MFRP. (2023, November 15). State budget. https://www.gov.pl/web/finance/state-budget

Młodak, A. (2006). Analiza taksonomiczna w statystyce regionalnej. Warszawa: Difin. (in Polish).

Nicholls, E., Ely, A., Birkin, L., Basu, P., & Goulson, D. (2020). The contribution of small-scale food production in urban areas to the sustainable development goals: a review and case study. Sustainability Science, 15, 1585-1599. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-020-00792-z

OECD. (2008). Handbook on Constructing Composite Indicators: Methodology and User Guide. Paris: OECD Publishing.

OECD. (2011, May 25). Towards Green Growth: Monitoring Progress. OECD Indicators. https://www.oecd.org/greengrowth/48224574.pdf

OECD. (2020, January 21). The OECD Inventory of Circular Economy indicators. https://www.oecd.org/cfe/cities/InventoryCircularEconomyIndicators.pdf

Paiho, S., Wessberg, N., Pippuri-Mäkeläinen, J., Mäki, E., Sokka, L., Parviainen, T., Nikinmaa, M., Siikavirta, H., Paavola, M., Antikainen, M., Heikkilä, J., Hajduk, P., & Laurikko, J. (2021). Creating a Circular City: An analysis of potential transportation, energy and food solutions in a case district. Sustainable Cities and Society, 64, 102529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102529

Papageorgiou, A., Henrysson, M., Nuur, C., Sinha, R., Sundberg, C., & Vanhuyse, F. (2021). Mapping and assessing indicator-based frameworks for monitoring circular economy development at the city-level. Sustainable Cities and Society, 75, 103378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.103378

Pélabon, C., Hilde, C. H., Einum, S., & Gamelon, M. (2020). On the use of the coefficient of variation to quantify and compare trait variation. Evolution Letters, 4(3), 180-188. https://doi.org/10.1002/evl3.171

Rada Ministrów. (2015). Krajowa Polityka Miejska 2023. http://gamma.infor.pl/zalaczniki/mpo/2015/216/mpo.2015.216.1235.0001.pdf (in Polish).

Regulation (EU) 2020/852 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 June 2020 on the establishment of a framework to facilitate sustainable investment, and amending Regulation (EU) 2019/2088, Pub. L. No. 32020R0852, 198 OJ L (2020). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32020R0852

Rosemann, M., Becker, J., & Chasin, F. (2021). City 5.0. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 63, 71-73.

Saari, U. A., Damberg, S., Frömbling, L., & Ringle, Ch. M. (2017). Sustainable Consumption Behavior of Europeans: The Influence of Environmental Knowledge and Risk Perception on Environmental Concern and Behavioral Intention. Ecological Economic, 189, 1-14.

Schuring, S. (2018, November 21). Regenerative cities — an urban concept whose time has come! https://medium.com/thebeammagazine/regenerative-cities-an-urban-concept-whose-time-has-come-e08b5271ccf8

Senthilnathan, S. (2019). Usefulness of Correlation Analysis. SSRN Electronic Journal, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3416918

Siemens. (2009, May 5). The European Green City Index. https://assets.new.siemens.com/siemens/assets/api/uuid:fddc99e7-5907-49aa-92c4-610c0801659e/european-green-city-index.pdf

Siragusa, A., Proietti, P., Bertozzi, C., Coll Aliaga, E., Foracchia, S., Irving, A., Monni, S., Pacheco Oliveira, M., & Sisto, R. (2021). Building urban datasets for the SDGs. Six European cities monitoring the 2030 Agenda. https://doi.org/10.2760/510439

Śleszyński, P. (2016). Delimitacja miast średnich tracących funkcje społeczno-gospodarcze. Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk, Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania im. S. Leszczyckiego. (in Polish).

Śleszyński, P. (2017). Wyznaczenie i typologia miast średnich tracących funkcje społeczno-gospodarcze. Przegląd Geograficzny, 89(4), 565-593. (in Polish).

Śleszyński, P. (2018). Polska średnich miast. Założenia i koncepcja deglomeracji w Polsce. Warszawa: Klub Jagielloński. (in Polish).

United Nations. (2015, September 1). The Sustainable Development Goals. https://www.undp.org/sustainable-development-goals

Venkatesh, G. (2014). A critique of the European Green City Index. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 57(3), 317-328. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2012.741520

Zinkernagel, R., Evans, J., & Neij, L. (2018). Applying the SDGs to Cities: Business as Usual or a New Dawn? Sustainability, 10(9), 3201. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10093201

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Copyright (c) 2023 Economics and Environment

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.