Keywords
income
organic matter
sustainability
How to Cite
Abstract
A farm plays the role of both a custodian of natural resources and a workplace. They are responsible for the quality of food produced and, on the other hand, for the standard of living of the farming family and the quality of the environment. The aim of the study is to examine the relationships between ecological and economic indicators at the farm level of various production types in Poland and Lithuania. The research covered farms participating in the FADN for the years 2015-2022. The results obtained from the analysis showed interdependencies between the parameters studied. Milk farms successfully implemented the economic goal, which is usually associated with a high environmental impact of production factors. In fieldcrops farms, degradation of organic matter and lack of ability to reproduce assets were observed. Differences between Lithuanian and Polish farms are visible in the economic and ecological results. Traditionally formed property rights cause Polish farmers to take measures to protect agricultural land economic goals. The situation was different in Lithuanian farms. They were mainly described by economic indicators. This can be explained by the fact that Lithuanian farms are still at the stage of organising themselves and care more about economic effects, but they have difficulties in implementing environmental requirements.
References
Belanger, V., Vanasse, A., Parent, D., Allard, G., & Pellerin, D. (2015). Delta: an integrated indicato – based self-assessment tool for the evaluation of dairy farms sustainability in Quebec Canada. Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, 39(9), 1022-1046. https://doi.org/10.1080/21683565.2015.1069775
Castoldi, N., &Bechini, L. (2010). Intergated sustainability assesment of cropping systems with agro-ecological and economic indicators in northern Italy. European Journal of Agronomy, 32(1), 59-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2009.02.003
Coppola, A., Amato, M., Vistocco, D., & Verneau, F. (2022). Measuring the economic sustainability of Italian farms using FADN data. Agricultural Economics / Zemědělská Ekonomika, 68(9), 327-337.https://doi.org/10.17221/169/2022-AGRICECON
Cortignani, R., & Dono, G. (2019). CAP’s environmental policy and land use in arable farms: An impacts assessment of greening practicieschanges in Italy. Science of The Total Environment, 647, 516-524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.443
Duer, I., Fotyma, M., & Madej, A. (2002). Kodeks Dobrej Praktyki Rolniczej.Warszawa: MRiRW-MŚ-FAPA. (in Polish).
Emmerling, Ch., Krein, A., & Junk, J. (2020). Meta-Analysis of Strategies to Reduce NH3 Emissions from Slurries in European Agriculture and Consequences from Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Agronomy, 10(11), 1633. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111633
Escribano, A. J., Gaspar, J. P., Mesias, F. J. D., Moreno, A. F. P., & Escribano, M. (2014). A sustainability assesment of organic and conventional beef cattle farms in agroforestry system: the case of the „dehesa” rangelands. ITEA – InformacionTecnicaEconomicaAgraria, 110(4), 343-367.
European Commission. (n.d.). FADN database.https://agridata.ec.europa.eu/extensions/FarmEconomyFocus/FADNDatabase.html
Gao, J., Hou, H., Zhai, Y., Woodward, A., Vardoulakis, S., Kovats, S., Wilkinson, P., Li, L., Song, X., Xu, L., Meng, B., Liu, X., Wang, J., Zhao, J., & Liu, Q. (2018). Greenhouse gas emissions reduction in different economic sectors: Mitigation measures, health co-benefits, knowledge gaps and policy implications. EnvironmentalPollution, 240, 683-698. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.05.011
Harasim, A. (2013). Metoda oceny zrównoważonego rozwoju rolnictwa na poziomie gospodarstwa rolnego. Studia i Raporty IUNG-PIB, 32(6), 25-75. https://iung.pl/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/zesz32.pdf (in Polish).
Kancelaria Senatu. (2020). Emisja gazów cieplarnianych. Wybrane zagadnienia dotyczące emisji CO2 w Polsce.https://www.senat.gov.pl/gfx/senat/pl/senatopracowania/192/plik/ot-683.pdf (in Polish).
Khan, M. T., Ali, Q., &Ashfag, M. (2018). The nexus between greenhouse gas emission, electricity production, renewable energy and agriculture in Pakistan. Renevable Energy, 118, 437-451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2017.11.043
Koloszko-Chomentowska, Z., Sieczko, L., & Trochimczuk, R. (2021). Production Profile of Farms and Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions. Energies, 14(16), 4904. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14164904
Kopiński, J., & Wach, D. (2023). Management of nutrients derived from natural fertilizers (manures) in the Polish agriculture – selected issues. Polish Joural of Agronomy, 52, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.26114/pja.iung.506.2023.52.01
Kopiński, J., &Witorożec, A. (2022). Assessment of soil organic matter management in Polish agriculture. Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists, 24(2), 44-54. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8593
Lamichhane, S., Eğilmez, G., Gedik, R., Bhutta, M. K. S., & Erenay, B. (2021). Benchmarking OECD countries’ sustainable development performance: A goal-specific principal component analysis approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 287, 125040.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125040
Ministerstwo Klimatu i Środowiska. (2021). Krajowy Raport Inwentaryzacyjny. Inwentaryzacja gazów cieplarnianych w Polsce dla lat 1988-2019. https://www.kobize.pl/uploads/materialy/materialy_do_pobrania/krajowa_inwentaryzacja_emisji/NIR_2021_raport_syntetyczny_PL.pdf (in Polish).
Nanga, S., Bawah, A. T., Acquaye, B. A., Billa, M. I., Baeta, F. D., Odai, N. A., & Nsiah, A. D. (2021). Review of dimension reduction methods. Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing, 9(3), 189-231. https://doi.org/10.4236/jdaip.2021.93013
Paracchini, M. L., Bulgheroni, C., Borreani, G.,Tabacco, E., Banterle, A., Bertoni, D., Rossi, G., Parolo, G., Origgi, R., & De Paola, C. (2015). A diagnostics system to assess sustainability at a farm level: The SOSTARE model. Agricultural Systems, 133, 35-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2014.10.004
Piekut, K., & Machnacki, M. (2011). Ocena ekologiczno-ekonomiczna gospodarstw rolnych na podstawie danych FADN. Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie, 11(1), 203-219. http://yadda.icm.edu.pl/baztech/element/bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BATC-0007-0013 (in Polish).
Prus, P. (2017). Sustainable farming production and its impact on the natural environment – case study based on a selected group of farms. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference Rural Development Bioeconomy Challenges, 1280-1285. http://doi.org/10.15544/RD.2017.226
Purnhagen, K. P., Clemens, S., Eriksson, D., Fresco, L. O., Tosun, J., Qaim, M., Visser, R. G. F., Weber, A. P. M., Wesseler, J. H. H., & Zilberman, D. (2021). Europe’s Farm to Fork Strategy and its Commitment to Biotechnology and Organic Farming: Conflictingor Complementary Goals? Trends in Plant Science, 26(6), 600-606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2021.03.012
Riccaboni, A., Neri, E., Trovarelli, F., & Pulselli, R. M. (2021). Sustainability-orientedresearch and innovation in „farm to fork” valuechains. Current Opinion in Food Science, 42, 102-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cofs.2021.04.006
Salata, S., &Grillenzoni, C. (2021). A spatial evaluation of multifunctional Ecosystem Service networks using Principal Component Analysis: A case of study in Turin, Italy. Ecological Indicators, 127, 107758. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107758
Sieczko, L., & Koloszko-Chomentowska, Z. (2023). Relationship between economic and ecological indicators and greenhouse gas emissions: The perspective of farms in Poland at the regional level. Economics and Environment, 86(3), 382-395. https://doi.org/10.34659/eis.2023.86.3.612
Sobczyński, T. (2008). Zmiany poziomu zrównoważonego gospodarstw rolnych UE w latach 1989-2005. Roczniki Naukowe Ekonomii Rolnictwa I Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich, 94(2), 106-114. https://doi.org/10.22630/RNR.2008.94.2.28 (in Polish).
Solazzo, R., Donati, M., Tomasi, L., & Arifini, F. (2016). How effective is greening Policy in reducing GHG emissions from agriculture? Evidence from Italy. Science of The Total Environment, 573, 1115-1124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.066
Syp, A., & Osuch, D. (2017). Szacowanie emisji gazów cieplarnianych na podstawie danych FADN. Studia i Raporty IUNG-PIB, 52(6), 69-82. http://www.iung.pl/sir/zeszyt52_6.pdf (in Polish).
Taning, C. N. T., Nezzetti, B., Kleter, G., Smagghe, G., & Baraldi, E. (2021). Does RNAi-Based Technology Fit within EU Sustainability Goals? Trends in Biotechnology, 39(7), 644-647. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.11.008
Testa, S., Nielsen, K. R., Vallentin, S., & Ciccullo, F. (2022). Sustainability-oriented innovation in the agri-food system: Current issues and the road ahead. Technological Forecastingand Social Change, 179, 121653. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121653
Tongwane, M. I., & Moeletsi, M. E. (2018). A review of greenhouse gas emissions from the agriculture sector in Africa. Agricultural Systems, 166, 124-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2018.08.011
Vanham, D., & Leip, A. (2020). Sustainable food system policiesneed to addressenvironmentalpressures and impacts: The example of wateruse and waterstress. Science of The Total Environment, 730, 139151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139151
Wilk, W. (2007). Wykorzystanie danych statystycznych i wyników rachunkowości rolnej do oceny wpływu rolnictwa na środowisko w ujęciu makro- i mikroekonomicznym. Studia i Raporty IUNG-PIB, 4, 59-67. https://doi.org/10.26114/sir.iung.2007.04.05 (in Polish).
Wu, H., Huang, H., Tang, J., Chen, W., & He, Y. (2019). Net greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture in China: estimation, spatial correlation and convergence. Sustainability, 11(18), 4817. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11184817
Zafeiriou, E., Mallidis, I., Galanopoulas, K., & Arabatzis, G. (2018). Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Economic Performance in EU Agriculture; An Empirical Study in a Non-Linear Framework. Sustainability, 10(11), 3837.https://doi.org/10.3390/su10113837
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2024 Economics and Environment