Abstract
The objective of the article is to delineate the role of insurance in alleviating the financial ramifications of natural disasters. To achieve this objective, two research questions were formulated: 1) What are the magnitude and economic implications of natural disasters? 2) How does disaster insurance contribute to the process of asset reconstruction? In preparing the article, the authors conducted a review of literature pertaining to the subject matter and analysed secondary data sourced from reports and publications of international institutions and organisations involved in addressing the financial impact of natural disasters. Limitations of the conducted research include variations in the scale and impact of disasters across different countries, leading to a lack of uniform legal frameworks regarding the utilisation of insurance in mitigating the financial fallout of natural disasters.
References
Acevedo, S. (2016). Gone with the Wind: Estimating Hurricane and Climate Change Costs in the Caribbean. IMF Working Papers. https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2016/wp16199.pdf
Amendola, A., Ermoliev, Y., Ermolieva, T. Y., Gitis, V., Koff, G., & Linnerooth-Bayer, J. (2000). A Systems Approach to Modeling Catastrophic Risk and Insurability. Natural Hazards, 21(2), 381-393. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008183011971
Banerjee, C., Bevere, L., Corti, T., Finucane, J., & Lechner, R. (2023). Natural catastrophes and inflation in 2022: A perfect storm. Swiss Re Institute. https://www.swissre.com/dam/jcr:1d793484-9b96-4e54-91c3-09f8fc841bde/2023-05-sigma-01-english.pdf
Bevere, L., Gloor, M., & Sobel, A. (2020). Natural catastrophes in times of economic accumulation and climate change. Swiss Re Institute. https://www.swissre.com/dam/jcr:85598d6e-b5b5-4d4b-971e-5fc9eee143fb/sigma-2-2020-en.pdf
Bosshard, P. (2022). The Coal Insurers of Last Resort. https://global.insure-our-future.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/05/IOF-KEPCO-Briefing.pdf
Botzen, W. J. W. (2021). Economics of Insurance Against Natural Disaster Risks. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Environmental Science. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780199389414.013.712
Botzen, W. J. W., Deschenes, O., & Sanders, M. (2019). The Economic Impacts of Natural Disasters: A Review of Models and Empirical Studies. Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, 13(2), 167-188. https://doi.org/10.1093/reep/rez004
Breckner, M., Englmaier, F., Stowasser, T., & Sunde, U. (2016). Resilience to natural disasters—Insurance penetration, institutions, and disaster types. Economics Letters, 148, 106-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2016.09.023
Bruggeman, V., Faure, M. G., & Fiore, K. (2010). The Government as Reinsurer of Catastrophe Risks? The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance - Issues and Practice, 35(3), 369-390. https://doi.org/10.1057/gpp.2010.10
Buszta, J., Wójcik, K., Guimarães Santos, C. A., Kozioł, K., & Maciuk, K. (2023). Historical Analysis and Prediction of the Magnitude and Scale of Natural Disasters Globally. Resources, 12(9), 106. https://doi.org/10.3390/resources12090106
Cebotari, A., & Youssef, K. (2020). Natural Disaster Insurance for Sovereigns: Issues, Challenges and Optimality. IMF Working Papers. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WP/Issues/2020/01/17/Natural-Disaster-Insurance-for-Sovereigns-Issues-Challenges-and-Optimality-48925
Charpentier, A., & Le Maux, B. (2014). Natural catastrophe insurance: How should the government intervene? Journal of Public Economics, 115, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2014.03.004
Chaudhary, M. T., & Piracha, A. (2021). Natural Disasters—Origins, Impacts, Management. Encyclopedia, 1(4), 1101-1131. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia1040084
Chmutina, K., & von Meding, J. (2019). A Dilemma of Language: “Natural Disasters” in Academic Literature. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 10(3), 283-292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13753-019-00232-2
Cordella, T., & Yeyati, E. L. (2015). CATalytic insurance: The case of natural disasters. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 31(3/4), 330-349. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/grv036
Coronese, M., Lamperti, F., Keller, K., Chiaromonte, F., & Roventini, A. (2019). Evidence for sharp increase in the economic damages of extreme natural disasters. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(43), 21450-21455. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1907826116
Feldman, E. (2013). Fukushima: Catastrophe, Compensation, and Justice in Japan. DePaul Law Review, 62, 335-355. https://scholarship.law.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1464&context=faculty_scholarship
GFIA. (2021). Property catastrophe insurance—National examples. https://gfiainsurance.org/mediaitem/91359110-07c9-4cf3-957b-3ab8e212f348/GFIA%20Property%20catastrophe%20insurance%20-%20National%20examples.pdf
Gusner, P., & Masterson, L. (2023, June 7). Natural Disaster Facts And Statistics 2024. Forbes Advisor. https://www.forbes.com/advisor/homeowners-insurance/natural-disaster-statistics/
Hazell, P. B. R. (1992). The appropriate role of agricultural insurance in developing countries. Journal of International Development, 4(6), 567-581. https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3380040602
International Monetary Fund. (2018). Dominica: 2018 Article IV Consultation-Press Release and Staff Report. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2018/09/05/Dominica-2018-Article-IV-Consultation-Press-Release-and-Staff-Report-46204
Ivčević, A., Statzu, V., Satta, A., & Bertoldo, R. (2021). The future protection from the climate change-related hazards and the willingness to pay for home insurance in the coastal wetlands of West Sardinia, Italy. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 52, 101956. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101956
Jafino, B. A., Walsh, B., Rozenberg, J., & Hallegatte, S. (2020). Revised Estimates of the Impact of Climate Change on Extreme Poverty by 2030. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34555
Kalfin, Sukono, Supian, S., & Mamat, M. (2022). Insurance as an Alternative for Sustainable Economic Recovery after Natural Disasters: A Systematic Literature Review. Sustainability, 14(7), 4349. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14074349
Koks, E. E., Thissen, M., Alfieri, L., Moel, H. D., Feyen, L., Jongman, B., & Aerts, J. C. J. H. (2019). The macroeconomic impacts of future river flooding in Europe. Environmental Research Letters, 14(8), 084042. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab3306
Kourtit, K., Nijkamp, P., & Banica, A. (2023). An analysis of natural disasters’ effects – A global comparative study of ‘Blessing in Disguise’. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 88, 101599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2023.101599
Kousky, C. (2014). Informing climate adaptation: A review of the economic costs of natural disasters. Energy Economics, 46, 576-592. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2013.09.029
Kousky, C. (2019). The Role of Natural Disaster Insurance in Recovery and Risk Reduction. Annual Review of Resource Economics, 11(1), 399-418. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-100518-094028
Munich Re. (2021a). Relevant natural catastrophe loss events worldwide 2019. https://www.munichre.com/content/dam/munichre/mrwebsiteslaunches/natcat-2021/2020_Jan-Dec_Weltkarte_e.pdf/_jcr_content/renditions/original./2020_Jan-Dec_Weltkarte_e.pdf
Munich Re. (2021b). Natural disasters caused overall losses of US$ 210bn. https://www.munichre.com/content/dam/munichre/mrwebsiteslaunches/natcat-2021/2020_Jan-Dec_Weltkarte_e.pdf/_jcr_content/renditions/original./2020_Jan-Dec_Weltkarte_e.pdf
Munich Re. (2022). Relevant natural catastrophe loss events worldwide 2021. https://www.munichre.com/content/dam/munichre/mrwebsiteslaunches/natcat-2022/NatCat-Weltkarte-2021-1920x1080.pdf/_jcr_content/renditions/original./NatCat-Weltkarte-2021-1920x1080.pdf
Munich Re. (2023a). Nat cat loss events 2022. https://www.munichre.com/content/dam/munichre/mrwebsitespressreleases/nat-cat-2022-world-map.pdf/_jcr_content/renditions/original./nat-cat-2022-world-map.pdf
Munich Re. (2023b). Nat cat loss events 2023. https://www.munichre.com/content/dam/munichre/mrwebsitespressreleases/MunichRe-NatCat-2023-world-map.pdf/_jcr_content/renditions/original./MunichRe-NatCat-2023-world-map.pdf
Munich Re. (2024). Climate change is real – Are you prepared? https://www.munichre.com/en/insights/natural-disaster-and-climate-change/climate-risk-survey.html?utm_source=linkedin&utm_medium=munichre-ad&utm_campaign=natcatsurvey24&utm_term=01animation-eur&utm_content=video
Paleari, S. (2019). Disaster risk insurance: A comparison of national schemes in the EU-28. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 35, 101059. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.12.021
Paprotny, D., Sebastian, A., Morales-Nápoles, O., & Jonkman, S. N. (2018). Trends in flood losses in Europe over the past 150 years. Nature Communications, 9(1), 1985. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04253-1
Reliefweb. (2017, August 4). Major Natural Hazards in Asia and the Pacif. https://reliefweb.int/map/world/major-natural-hazards-asia-and-pacific-0
Rządowe Centrum Bezpieczeństwa. (2022). Krajowy Plan Zarządzania Kryzysowego. https://www.gov.pl/web/rcb/krajowy-plan-zarzadzania-kryzysowego (in Polish).
Sheehan, B., Mullins, M., Shannon, D., & McCullagh, O. (2023). On the benefits of insurance and disaster risk management integration for improved climate-related natural catastrophe resilience. Environment Systems and Decisions, 43(4), 639-648. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10669-023-09929-8
Stahel, W. R. (2009). In Favour of a Proactive Insurance Approach to Climate Change. The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance - Issues and Practice, 34(3), 319-322. https://doi.org/10.1057/gpp.2009.17
Statista. (2024). Cost of natural disaster losses worldwide from 2000 to 2023, by type of loss. https://www.statista.com/statistics/612561/natural-disaster-losses-cost-worldwide-by-type-of-loss/
Sweileh, W. M. (2019). A bibliometric analysis of health-related literature on natural disasters from 1900 to 2017. Health Research Policy and Systems, 17(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-019-0418-1
Tesselaar, M., Botzen, W. J. W., Robinson, P. J., Aerts, J. C. J. H., & Zhou, F. (2022). Charity hazard and the flood insurance protection gap: An EU scale assessment under climate change. Ecological Economics, 193, 107289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2021.107289
UNDRR. (2010). Natural hazards, unnatural disasters: the economics of effective prevention. http://www.undrr.org/publication/natural-hazards-unnatural-disasters-economics-effective-prevention
UNDRR. (2023). Closing climate and disaster data gaps: New challenges, new thinking. https://www.undrr.org/media/91937/download?startDownload=true
United Nations. (2015). Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030. http://www.undrr.org/publication/sendai-framework-disaster-risk-reduction-2015-2030
Vellinga, M., & Wood, R. A. (2002). Global Climatic Impacts of a Collapse of the Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation. Climatic Change, 54(3), 251-267. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016168827653
World Bank. (2024). Global Economic Prospects. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/7fe97e0a-52c5-4655-9207-c176eb9fb66a/content
Zhao, J., Lee, J. Y., Li, Y., & Yin, Y.-J. (2020). Effect of catastrophe insurance on disaster-impacted community: Quantitative framework and case studies. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 43, 101387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101387
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2024 Economics and Environment