Keywords
cement-free
geopolymer concretes
alkaline activation
binder
cement
How to Cite
Abstract
The article presents a review of research conducted on cement-free concretes based on alkaline-activated waste materials. Research is conducted in order to create concretes that are in line with the doctrine of sustainable development. Their main assumption is the reuse of recycled materials in newly produced building materials without compromising their properties. In addition, attempts are made to eliminate Portland cement, replacing it partially or completely with fly ashes or metakaolin. Another modification of concrete consists of replacing natural aggregate with artificial aggregate. The research conducted on lightweight concretes based on fly ashes, and alkali-activated porous ash aggregate is also presented.
References
Al-Duais, I. N. A., Ahmad, S., Al-Osta, M. M., Maslehuddin, M., Saleha, T. A., & Al-Dulaijan, S. U. (2023). Optimization of alkali-activated binders using natural minerals and industrial waste materials as precursor materials. Journal of Building Engineering, 69, 106230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2023.106230
Ansari, M. A., Shariq, M., & Mahdi, F. (2023). Geopolymer concrete for clean and sustainable construction - A state-of-the-art review on the mix design approaches. Structures, 55(12), 1045-1070. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2023.06.089
Gopalakrishna, B., & Pasla, D. (2023). Development of metakaolin-based high strength recycled aggregate geopolymer concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 391, 131810. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.131810
Kalinowska-Wichrowska, K., Pawluczuk, E., Bołtryk, M., & Nietupski, A. (2022). Geopolymer Concrete with Lightweight Artificial Aggregates. Materials, 15(9), 3012. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15093012
KNF. (2021). Zrównoważony rozwój. Wprowadzenie i ramy regulacyjne. https://www.knf.gov.pl/dla_rynku/Finansowanie_zrownowazonego_rozwoju/zrownowazony_rozwoju (in Polish).
Laxmi, G., Patil, P., Hossiney, N., & Thejas, H. K. (2023). Effect of hooked end steel fibers on strength and durability properties of ambient cured geopolymer concrete. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 18, e02122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2023.e02122
Nalewajko, M. (2022). Technology for the production of lightweight concretes based on alkali-activated waste energy raw materials [Doctoral dissertation]. Bialystok University of Technology. (in Polish).
Noor Abbas, A.-G., Farah, N. A. A. A., Khalina, A., Noor, A. M. N., & Ghasan, F. H. (2023). Experimental study on durability properties of kenaf fiber-reinforced geopolymer concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 396(6), 132160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.132160
Salas Montoya, A., Rodríguez-Barboza, L. I., Colmenero Fonseca, F., Cárcel-Carrasco, J., & Gómez-Zamorano, L. Y. (2023). Composite Cements Using Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag, Fly Ash, and Geothermal Silica with Alkali Activation. Buildings, 13(7), 1854. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13071854
Regulation (EU) 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing Council Directive 89/106/EEC, Pub. L. No. 32011R0305, 88 OJ L (2011). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32011R0305
Zaid, A., Sor, N. A. H., Martínez-García, R., Prado-Gil, J., Elhadi, K. M., & Yosri, A. M. (2023). Sustainability evaluation, engineering properties and challenges relevant to geopolymer concrete modified with different nanomaterials: A systematic review. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 102373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2023.102373
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2023 Economics and Environment