Evaluation of public transport satisfaction in the Tri-City: implications for sustainable mobility

Abstract

Urbanisation, defined as the process of increasing urban population and the development of cities, is a global phenomenon with diverse directions and scenarios across different world regions, including Europe. Currently, 50% of the world’s population lives in cities; by 2050, it will be nearly 68% (Multiple sources compiled by World Bank, 2024). In Europe, 80% of the population already resides in urban areas. However, urbanisation is a complex process with many recognised benefits stemming from well-developed urban areas, but also significant challenges and risks. As a result of contemporary transformations, a reverse phenomenon is being observed. In many regions, suburban areas are expanding, leading to urban sprawl into rural territories, often without adequate spatial planning and transport infrastructure. Increasing emphasis is placed on creating environmentally friendly, inclusive cities with efficient public transportation, green spaces, and sustainable construction. Assessing public transport user satisfaction is a key element in supporting efforts toward sustainable regional development. This article aims to examine the opinions of Tri-City (Gdansk, Sopot, Gdynia) residents regarding the functioning of public transport. Analysing passenger feedback allows for identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the urban transport system, which is essential for implementing effective strategies to improve service quality. Surveys with city users of the Tri-City Metropolitan Area provide valuable insights into the current state of urban transport and highlight areas requiring improvement.